Diamond and Diamond Grading Practice Exam

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• Which term describes very small feathers that extend from the girdle surface into the stone, and can result from the cutting process?
• Which term refers to forming the basic face-up outline of a diamond to prepare it for faceting?
• De Beers requires its sightholders to have an excellent reputation in the industry and which additional attribute?
• Which term describes a mineral crystal embedded within a diamond?
• Define appraisal.
• Which term is used to denote a frosted rough diamond, also known as 'Bark'?
• Which term designates a small notch on a facet junction with no readily apparent depth at 10X, usually along the girdle edge or at the culet?
• Which term describes a simple diamond cut with a table, eight crown facets, eight pavilion facets, and sometimes a culet?
• In diamonds, cleavage is caused by...
• Which term is an instrument that measures thermal conductivity to help separate natural and synthetic diamonds from most simulants?
• Which item is used as the standard color reference to define GIA color grades in the D-to-Z range?
• Which term describes the relative ability of a material to transfer heat?
• Which term describes diamond rough suitable for use in tools, drills, abrasives, and other industrial applications?
• Which term describes hazy surface areas that result from excessive heat or from uneven polishing caused by structural irregularities; also called polish marks or burned facets?
• Which term refers to a pad of white paper used for sorting and showing gems?
• The London Diamond Syndicate was based in which city?
• Which term refers to the following definition: Possessing different physical or optical properties in different crystal directions?
• Beneficiation helps countries exercise greater control over which resource?
• Geometric shape of a well formed crystal?
• Which term is associated with the emission of visible light under ultraviolet exposure?
• What happens to the speed of light when it enters a medium with a higher refractive index?
• What term refers to a small diamond with a sharp edge used in kerfing or polishing tasks?
• Which term denotes the device used to polish diamond rough?
• Which term corresponds to the critical angle?
• Macle is defined as
• Which statement correctly defines a cleavage plane in diamonds?
• Which two entities were created to assist in diamond marketing efforts?
• Which company had full or partial ownership of many mines, and bought rough from others through purchasing contracts?
• Which term refers to the outward curve of the pavilion facets of a step-cut diamond?
• Which term refers to placing the first 17 or 18 facets on a diamond?
• The London Diamond Syndicate was:
• At 10X magnification, which is a long, thin crystal that looks like a tiny rod?
• Block caving is a form of mining that is generally categorized as which type?
• Which term describes a crystal distorted during growth, with two or more intergrown crystals with opposing crystal directions?
• In diamond manufacturing, what term describes a hub with many gemstone manufacturers?
• Sightholder is:
• Which had a more profound impact on the diamond market: De Beers' advocacy of corporate responsibility or advocacy of branding?
• Sightholders were required to demonstrate the ability to do what with diamonds?
• Retailers and jewelry manufacturers can obtain substantial price discounts by purchasing what?
• (Antisotropic) possessing different physical or optical properties in different crystal directions?
• The term for the flashes of color observable in a polished diamond is called?
• Which statement is true about light and optical density?
• Which term describes a position that orients a gemstone's crown facets and table toward the viewer?
• Define crown height percentage.
• Namibia holds possibly the largest marine diamond deposits in the world. This fact relates to which type of deposit?
• True or false: Shape is the most important factor in a rough diamond's potential value.
• What term describes solid matter with atoms arranged in a regular, repeating pattern?
• Which term means Any gemstone shape other than round?
• Large, high quality diamonds are graded much more thoroughly than small, low-quality ones.
• Single-channel marketing is:
• Lot price is defined as
• A diamond's clarity and color grades indicate its what?
• What are Masterstones?
• Which term defines solid matter with atoms arranged in a regular, repeating pattern?
• Which term refers to a shallow opening caused by damage to the stone's surface?
• Which term describes a small diamond used to kerf another diamond or round up a girdle during polishing?
• Which term refers to a set of circular plates used for sorting small gems by size?
• Which term describes a cutting style that combines step-cut and brilliant-cut facets?
• Which branding initiative did De Beers launch in 2000?
• In mining terminology, what is the term for removing ore from a surface excavation?
• Why are only a small percentage of known diamond deposits mined?
• Which pair of optical angles is defined as being measured from the normal?
• Which term describes a traditional store consisting of walls and a fixed location?
• Which of the following describes the term 'specials' in diamond trading?
• Which has more value: a finished piece of diamond jewelry or a rough diamond crystal?
• Which term refers to a secondary diamond deposit transported by water to a distant area?
• Which statement best summarizes the formation conditions for diamonds as described?
• Most of the world's kimberlite pipes do not contain diamonds in profitable quantities. Which statement best reflects this?
• What term denotes a diamond orientation where the table is aligned with a cubic face?
• Which term describes the characteristic crystal shape of a specific mineral?
• What is the process called when two crustal plates collide and one is forced under the other?
• Which term is the effect of all the diamond's internal and external reflections of white light?
• Which term describes angular openings starting at the surface and extending into the diamond, often with striations perpendicular to their length, and considered inclusions?
• Which term refers to the following definition: A holder that secures a diamond during sawing, bruting, or polishing?
• Which is the softest crystal direction in a diamond?
• Which term describes the slightly curving center of the long side of a pear, marquise, heart, or oval?
• The Eureka Diamond was the first authenticated diamond discovered in which country?
• Which term defines the angle formed by the pavilion mains and the girdle plane?
• Which statement about diamonds and carbon is true according to the formation environment?
• Which term describes the marketing route where rough diamonds are marketed directly and centrally controlled, bypassing intermediaries?
• Which term denotes a traditional store consisting of walls and a fixed location?
• What is a small shovel made of thin metal used for picking up gems?
• Which term means composed of crystals or related to crystals?
• What is the color range of diamonds from colorless to light yellow and light brown, also called the D-to-Z range?
• The large, stable parts of the Earth's crust are called what?
• What is Beneficiation defined as in this material?
• Special is:
• Which planes are the most important to a diamond cutter?
• In rough diamond classifications, a Special refers to:
• Who is a wholesaler?
• Diamonds belong to which crystal system?
• Which term is a seventeenth-century designation for a diamond octahedron or other crystal shape on which the natural faces are apparent?
• Which term describes the length of time required for half of a group of radioactive atoms to decay?
• Who is a cleaver?
• What are cratons?
• What term describes a fracture-related color phenomenon observed when the diamond is viewed parallel to filled inclusions and rocked?
• The Diamond Information Center and the Diamond Promotion Service were created to?
• Which term refers to the flash of changing color seen in a fracture-filled diamond when viewed parallel to a filled inclusion and rocked under magnification?
• Namibia, Brazil, Canada, and Russia are all associated with diamond deposits. Which country is known for possibly the largest marine diamond deposits?
• Which option correctly identifies the Earth's surface and outer layer?
• Which term describes a tiny, surface-reaching tunnel produced by a laser light beam?
• In diamond mining, overburden refers to what?
• Which term refers to frosted rough diamond, 'Bark' in Dutch?
• Which term describes a diamond manufacturer or dealer invited by De Beers to buy rough diamonds?
• Diamonds form at depths of about how many kilometers beneath the surface?
• What does vertical integration refer to in business?
• Which term describes a twinned diamond crystal form that often appears as two diamonds joined together?
• Categories of crystals based on symmetry and internal structure?
• Russia's significant diamond deposits are primarily located in which region?
• Who is a cross worker in diamond polishing?
• What two combined factors led De Beers to institute dramatic changes?
• Which term describes a diamond with grain layers that are not on parallel planes, or one with partial twinning?
• Ore grading measures which property in a potentially mineable deposit?
• Are potentially profitable diamond sources abundant?
• Which term refers to the concept of fine, parallel grooves and ridges left by polishing that can occur on any facet but do not cross facet junctions?
• What term describes the involvement of a business in all aspects of its product's market?
• Diamond rough is sorted into categories based on which characteristics?
• Who is a diamantaire?
• Which term describes irregularities in the crystal structure that appear on the surface, similar to internal graining?
• Approximately how far beneath the Earth's surface do diamonds form?
• Which term describes a position that orients a gemstone's pavilion toward the viewer?
• Which term refers to diamond rough with good enough size, shape, clarity, and color to produce a polished stone?
• Oppenheimer's answer to low diamond demand in the 1930s was to?
• Which term refers to the smallest group of atoms with the characteristic chemical composition and the basic crystal structure of a mineral?
• Which term represents Indented Natural, a portion of the rough's original surface that dips below the polished diamond's surface?
• Which term describes a trading event where selected clients buy rough diamonds?
• A secondary deposit refers to gems found away from their primary source.
• Which of the following is true about X-ray separation?
• Indicator minerals are minerals formed at great depths and moved to the surface by the same deep-source rocks as diamonds. Which description best matches their role?
• Which term describes diamond rough whose color and clarity is such that it can be either polished or used industrially, depending on market conditions?
• Another name for the cubic crystal system is...
• So far, Brazil's diamond supply is exclusively alluvial. This statement is:
• Indicator minerals help prospectors identify potential diamond-bearing regions because they originate from the same deep sources as diamonds.
• Abundant South African diamond sources appeared in which period?
• What is the term for the process of distinguishing natural minerals and gems from each other as well as from synthetics, simulants, and treated gems?
• What term describes internal directions parallel to a mineral's unit cell surfaces?
• Aggregate is defined as which of the following?
• Which term describes graphite formation around a diamond's mineral inclusions and feathers that results from the extreme conditions of HPHT processing?
• Which term describes gems found in the rock that carried them to the surface?
• In diamond trade terminology, which term describes a knowledgeable, experienced, and successful person, usually a dealer or manufacturer?
• True or False: The unique physical properties of gem-quality diamonds allow them to survive environmental forces better than any other gemstone.
• Which term is the Dutch word for a feather in a diamond?
• Which mining method involves removing mineral-bearing ore from a large surface excavation?
• What is overburden?
• What is the primary aim of the Kimberley Process (KP)?
• Appearance of double images of a gemstone facet junctions on the side opposite the viewer?
• Which term describes contrast between an inclusion and its host gem?
• Which diamond marks the beginning of the diamond rush in 1869?
• Which term describes the visual phenomenon of light spots moving as the diamond or light source moves?
• Linear accelerator is defined as
• Cloud (Cld) is defined as ...
• Which term refers to the distance from girdle plane to culet as a percentage of diameter?
• Which term is a measure of the change in the speed and angle of light as it passes from one material to another?
• This term refers to the inclusions or blemishes that establish the diamond's clarity grade.
• What is the Kimberley Process (KP)?
• Which term is a group of five carbon atoms with one at the center?
• Which term denotes the clarity characteristic totally enclosed in a polished gemstone or extending into it from the surface?
• Which term designates the act of placing and finishing facets on a rough diamond?
• Which term describes a deep vertical formation at the earth's surface that results from kimberlite or lamproite emplacement?
• Which term describes a clarity characteristic confined to the surface of a polished gemstone?
• Crystal shape is an important factor in evaluating rough diamonds because it...
• Near-gem diamonds are rough that can be polished or used industrially depending on what?
• Which term describes a dark area across the center of an elongated brilliant cut?
• Which term denotes a map of a diamond's inclusions, blemishes, and facet arrangement?
• Which term describes visible lines in a diamond caused by irregularities in the crystal structure?
• Which scenario best illustrates vertical integration?
• Which term describes a secondary diamond deposit carried by rivers or streams to the ocean floor or shoreline?
• Which term describes diamonds that can be repolished to improve their clarity to an Internally Flawless grade?
• Which statement describes the profitability condition for a mine?
• Which term is the general trade term for a break in a gemstone, often white and feathery in appearance?
• Which term is a series of pinpoints, clouds, or crystals that forms in a diamond's growth plane and is associated with crystal distortion and twinning planes?
• Which statement correctly defines a covalent bond?
• What is a digger?
• Which term describes a rock that transports diamonds to the surface and is rarer than kimberlite?
• Which term denotes a polishing technique where the diamond is rotated to align the softest direction facing the polishing wheel?
• Which statement correctly describes the primary business function of a wholesaler?
• Which term describes the overall condition of the facet surfaces of a finished diamond?
• Vast quantities of small, inexpensive diamonds suitable for low-cost, mass-market jewelry are mined in...
• Which term is defined as the table-to-culet depth expressed as a percentage of the average girdle diameter?
• Which characteristic is NOT used to categorize diamond rough?
• Which term refers to the following definition: A weight-retention method that preserves girdle thickness for later clearance of girdle features?
• Which term names the program adopted by De Beers in 2001, in which it required its sightholders to help increase market demand for diamonds?
• Which term describes a flat, triangular twinned diamond crystal?
• Which term refers to a solid mass of individual, randomly oriented crystals held together by a natural binding agent?
• Which term refers to the general class of crystals categorized by symmetry and internal arrangement?
• Diamond exploration specialists start the process of finding a potential diamond mine by which criterion?
• Irregular furrow or groove in the surface of a diamond, common in gray color range, is called?
• What is the name of the diamond industry program aimed at ensuring conflict-free diamonds?
• What is the term for the layer between the earth's crust and its core?
• Diamonds classified as cuttable can be up to 100 times more profitable than diamonds classified as which?
• GIA cut grades apply to standard, round brilliants in all clarities across which color range?
• What does adamantine luster describe?
• Craftsmanship describes what aspect of diamond making?
• Which mining method involves removing ore from a large surface excavation?
• Which term is an agency designed to purchase, sort, evaluate, and sell rough diamonds?
• Which term refers to a diamond that has been cleaved, split, or sawn, but not fashioned?
• Diffused fluorescent lighting helps you evaluate which property?
• Which term is used to describe the basic color category of a fancy-colored diamond?
• Which term refers to the following definition: A geologic process that delivers materials (sometimes diamonds) to the surface?
• Light is which of the following?
• Marine deposits are formed when diamonds are carried by rivers or streams to the ocean floor or shoreline.
• Which term can be described as the crown height percentage?
• Which sources are considered the most consistent and dependable for diamond grades?
• Which term describes a position that orients a gemstone's crown toward the viewer?
• Emission of visible light by a material when exposed to ultraviolet radiation is known as?
• Which term refers to the surface and outer layer of the Earth?
• Angle of incidence is defined as the angle at which a ray of light strikes a surface measured from the normal.
• Angle of incidence is defined as the angle at which a ray of light strikes a surface measured from the...
• Which term describes an instrument that measures thermal conductivity to help separate natural and synthetic diamonds from most simulants?
• Which term means composed of crystals or related to crystals?
• Which term refers to minerals formed with diamonds at great depths and brought to the surface by the same kimberlites or lamproites?
• Which term denotes possessing identical physical or optical properties in all crystal directions?
• Which term denotes possessing the same physical or optical properties in all crystal directions?
• Which term refers to a manufactured diamond with essentially the same physical, chemical, and optical properties as natural diamond?
• Regular, repeating arrangement of atoms in a mineral?
• Which term describes a regular, repeating arrangement of atoms in a mineral?
• Which term refers to a polishing technique in which the diamond is turned to position the softest polishing direction against the polishing wheel?
• Diamond's hardness and durability are primarily due to which factor?
• Which term denotes an estimation of the value of an article, usually for insurance purposes?
• Which term describes a cutting style with triangular and kite-shaped facets radiating from a gem's center toward its girdle?
• Which term means the change in speed and possible change in direction of light as it travels from one material to another?
• Angle of reflection is defined as the angle between the normal and what?
• Most diamond mines today come from which geological feature?
• What allowed Argyle's small, lower quality stones to be processed for the jewelry market?
• Which term is defined as the placement and polishing of the star and upper and lower girdle facets?
• Which term describes hazy surface areas that result from excessive heat or from uneven polishing caused by structural irregularities; also called polish marks?
• Which term denotes the individual responsible for deciding where to mark diamond rough to obtain the best polished gemstone?
• The cubic crystal system is also known by which term?
• The Argyle mine is located in which country?
• The specific gravity of a gem quality diamond is approximately...
• What is the purpose of primary crushing in ore processing?
• Conflict diamonds are diamonds that are used to finance violence and terror.
• Which early cushion-shaped brilliant features a high crown, deep pavilion, and 58 facets including a large culet?
• The term used for the numerical relationship between the length and width of a fancy cut (width normalized to 1) is
• When did the need for industrial diamond rough heighten?
• What is a clarity characteristic?
• What are categories of crystals based on symmetry and internal structure?
• Which term is used to describe a diamond with grain layers not on parallel planes?
• Which term denotes a traditional store with a fixed location?
• Angle of reflection is defined as the angle between the normal and which?
• What term describes lighting of a diamond from the side against a black, non-reflective background?
• An estimation of the value of an article is called what?
• Which term refers to the following definition: The appearance of two images of facet junctions when viewed from the opposite side?
• Once diamond deposits are located, mining companies must do what next?
• Chambering and block caving are mining methods used in mining which feature?
• Diamond's supreme hardness and durability are primarily due to what?
• Which term refers to laser drilling within a diamond that doesn't reach the surface and is not plotted?
• Diamonds that exhibit yellow or brown color beyond the Z range, or that exhibit any other color.
• Which term describes repairing damage or refashioning a polished diamond to improve clarity, proportions, or color, or to modernize an old-style cut?
• Which term is an angular opening created when part of a feather breaks away?
• Diamonds belong to which crystal system as the most commonly stated classification?
• Define wholesaler.
• Which term describes atoms in a gem that aren't part of its essential chemical composition?
• Which statement about kimberlite pipes and diamond content is accurate?
• Which term refers to visible, shadow-like lines in a diamond caused by irregularities in the crystal structure?
• From which geological feature do most diamond mines today come?
• Which term refers to a rough diamond over 10.80 cts. sold separately to a sightholder specialized in larger stones?
• Argyle mine is famous for producing rare and valuable pink diamonds.
• Best Practices Principles (BPP) refers to what in relation to De Beers?
• Which method uses X-rays to detect diamonds and an air jet to remove them from ore?
• The phrase 'Growing diamond demands help' implies which outcome?
• Which term describes the color flashes seen in a polished diamond due to dispersion of light?
• What is crown angle?
• Lamproite is:
• Which term describes a cutting style that combines step-cut and brilliant-cut facets?
• Which term refers to the following definition: A business that sells to consumers via television cable, phone line, or satellite?
• Which term means large-scale character sampling?
• Which term refers to an irregular girdle surface?
• Which term describes the length of the lower girdle facets expressed as a percentage of the distance between the girdle and the culet?
• What is the most common crystal habit of gem diamond?
• Which term refers to refinishing a polished diamond to correct minor faults in its clarity or finish?
• Which mine's production was noted for influencing the world market in the late 1980s?
• Which term refers to Earth's innermost layer?
• What factors must be considered for a potential mine?
• The width of a fashioned gem's girdle is defined as what?
• Cratons are defined as:
• Covalent bonds are the strongest of all atomic bonds. Which of the following best describes this statement?
• Dense media separation is also known as what?
• Dense media separation is also known as what?
• Which term describes a person who splits a rough diamond along a cleavage plane after it has been kerfed by a laser?
• Which term refers to the flashes of light and the contrasting dark areas you see when the diamond, the light, or the observer moves?
• What is Earth's innermost layer?
• What is the typical basis for organizing wholesale price lists in the diamond trade?
• Which term describes diamonds that can be repolished to improve their clarity to VVS1 or VVS2 grade?
• A notch scratched into diamond rough to prepare it for cleaving is called?
• London Diamond Syndicate was formed in 1890 to
• Luster describes
• What does Best Practices Principles (BPP) refer to in the diamond industry?
• Which term denotes a diamond on which the table has been polished parallel to a dodecahedral plane?
• For a mine to be successful, what must be true about its diamonds?
• Dealers often sort melee by size using which tool?
• Which term describes a diamond's overall attractiveness in relation to others of the same shape and cutting style?
• Which term describes the growth-plane feature of pinpoints, clouds, or crystals associated with twinning planes?
• Dutch term for a diamond that has been cleaved, split, or sawn, but not fashioned is called?
• What is the critical angle in optics?
• Which term is a manufactured diamond with essentially the same properties as natural diamond?
• Which statement about kimberlite is accurate?
• Laser Manufacturing Remnants (LMR) refer to
• Which term refers to the following definition: Two separate pieces of material fused or cemented together to form a single assembled stone?
• Dense media separation is also known as what?
• Which term denotes minerals formed with diamonds at great depths and carried to the surface by kimberlite or lamproite conduits?
• A chip (Ch) is defined as ...
• What is the term for an imaginary line perpendicular to the point where a ray of light strikes the surface?
• Which term refers to the placement and polishing of the star and upper and lower girdle facets?
• Which term denotes the highest degree of luster possible in a transparent material?
• What is a trade term for any break in a diamond?
• What term means any method used to separate diamonds from ore or alluvial sediments?
• Which term describes the girdle thickness expressed as a percentage of the average girdle diameter?
• Why don't reputable gemological laboratories grade mounted diamonds?
• What type of bond is responsible for the hardness and stability of diamond's crystal lattice?
• A well shaped, transparent, octahedral diamond crystal with sharp, square edges?
• Which term describes a crystal distorted during growth, with two or more intergrown crystals with opposing crystal directions?
• Which two factors combined to prompt dramatic changes at De Beers?
• Which term refers to a crystal distorted during growth, with two or more intergrown crystals with opposing crystal directions?
• Which term refers to a wavy or bumpy area on the surface of a polished diamond?
• Differences in diamond cut bring out differing amounts of what visual effect?
• Which term means placing and finishing facets on a rough diamond, also called faceting?
• Which term means using heat to stabilize irradiated color in gemstones?
• Which term describes a laser drilling inside a diamond that does not reach the surface?
• Which early brilliant cut has a circular girdle?
• Diamond grades provide what?
• A diamond grading system provides a framework to communicate which aspect of a diamond?
• Which term refers to the visible contrast between an inclusion and its host gem?
• A tiny, surface-reaching tunnel produced by a laser light beam is called?
• Which term is the dark reflection across the center of an elongated brilliant-cut diamond?
• True or false: Large, high quality diamonds are graded much more thoroughly than small, low quality ones?
• Igneous rock is defined as:
• Which program requires De Beers' sightholders to help increase market demand for diamonds?
• Which term describes the act of dividing a diamond along a cleavage plane?
• A diamond's formation conditions are directly responsible for its what?
• Which term denotes a premium paid for selecting stones from a parcel?
• Which term describes a small, concentrated area of crystal distortion that can appear white or dark and may be thread-like or pinpoint-like?
• The Argyle mine in Australia contributed to the rise of the cutting industry in which country?
• Which statement best describes igneous rocks?
• Which term refers to the following definition: A prospector's term for diamond deposits away from water?
• Which term describes the initial stage of facet placement on a diamond?
• What term refers to the surface and outermost layer of the Earth?
• Which term denotes the passage of light into or through a material?
• Which term describes ancient, large parts of the crust?
• Which description matches an Electronic retailer?
• Which term is the angle between the normal and a reflected ray of light?
• Define: bulk sampling.
• A scrubber in diamond processing is best described as:
• Which term describes diamonds that can be repolished to improve their clarity to VVS1 or VVS2?
• Which term describes a weight-retention method that adjusts the angles of some facets to allow portions of a diamond's girdle to be thicker?
• Which term refers to the following definition: An optical property that's the difference between the RI values of violet and red wavelengths of visible light for a material?
• Which term describes any material that imitates a diamond's appearance and is used in its place?
• Which term is the distance from the girdle plane to the culet expressed as a percentage of average girdle diameter?
• Which term is used for the process of exposure to radiation that can cause color changes in diamonds?
• What is recovery in diamond processing?
• Who established De Beers Consolidated Mines Ltd. in 1888?
• Diamond sources started appearing in South Africa after the:
• Early South African diamond fields contained hundreds of what?
• Which term is De Beers' formalized commitment of itself and its sightholders to the highest ethical standards?
• The South African diamond rush was sparked by the discovery of what?
• Which term describes a foil-backed, colorless, lead-glass diamond imitation?
• Which term refers to a rough diamond over 10.80 cts., sold separately to a sightholder who specializes in larger stones?
• The Diamond pipeline describes:
• Depth of field describes which distance?
• Which individual is most closely associated with founding De Beers in 1888?
• Which term refers to a category of rocks formed from a molten state?
• Which term describes crystal distortion that occurs during growth when one part of the lattice is offset from the rest?
• Which term defines the ratio of the weight of a material to that of an equal volume of water?
• What is the term for a premium price for selecting stones from a parcel?
• What is the size of the facet at the bottom of the diamond where the pavilion mains meet?
• Which describes a cutting center in the diamond industry?
• Which term is the capacity of a material to expand when it's heated?
• Which term describes the crystal shape that is characteristic of a material, used to describe its habit?
• Which term denotes the relative ability of a material to transfer heat?
• Which term describes visible shadow-like lines in a diamond caused by irregularities in the crystal structure?
• Which diamond form is defined by eight equal triangular sides?
• Which term refers to lines, angles, or curves that might appear whitish, colored, or reflective at 10X magnification due to irregularities in crystal growth?
• Which term describes the surface feature seen at 10x magnification due to growth irregularities and affects transparency?
• What is the Master-eye effect?
• Cleavage plane is defined as which of the following concepts?
• Which term describes the capacity of a material to expand when heated?
• Visible light is which of the following?
• Which statement about profitable diamond sources is true?
• Which term describes the bouncing back of light when it strikes a surface?
• Which term describes a flat, triangular twinned diamond crystal?
• What is Microdiamond testing?
• The correct conditions for diamond formation exist under which geologic feature?
• Which term describes a very small included crystal that looks like a dot at 10X magnification?
• What term describes the spots of light that flash as the diamond, the observer, or the light source moves?
• Which type of organization is described as the most consistent and dependable source for diamond grades?
• In what year was De Beers Consolidated Mines Ltd established?
• Which term describes a gemstone or simulant with a thin metallic foil applied to its pavilion?
• Which term is the result achieved by adding the smallest and largest girdle measurements of a round brilliant and dividing by two?
• Lizard Skin is
• Which term refers to inclusions or blemishes that establish the clarity grade of a diamond?
• Which term describes a series of minute nicks along the facet junctions of a fashioned diamond, giving the edges a white or fuzzy appearance?
• What term defines the star facet length percentage?
• Which term denotes the device that uses diamonds' affinity for grease to separate them from other minerals?
• Which statement about dispersion value across diamonds is true?
• What term describes the relative size, arrangement, and contrast of bright and dark areas resulting from a diamond's internal and external reflections?
• What did Cecil Rhodes want to stabilize, and how did he do that?
• Which term describes a small facet not required by the cutting style, placed near the girdle?
• The diamond industry has changed dramatically in recent years largely because of what?
• What is the effect of cleavage on a diamond’s ability to split?
• Which crystal system is the most symmetrical?
• Which term refers to Earth's innermost layer?
• A city, region or country with a large number of gemstone manufacturers is called...
• Which term refers to the exactness of a finished gem's shape and the placement of its facets?
• Metamorphic rock is:
• Which term is the crown angle?
• Which cutting style features long, narrow, four-sided facets in rows parallel to the girdle on both the crown and pavilion?
• Which device uses diamonds' affinity for grease to separate them from other minerals?
• The strongest of all atomic bonds are...
• Which term refers to a well-shaped, transparent, octahedral diamond crystal with sharp, square edges?
• Which term is about repairing damage or refashioning a polished diamond to improve its clarity, proportions, or color, or to modernize an old-style cut?
• Businesses that sell to consumers via TV or computer are called...
• An igneous rock, rarer than kimberlite, that transports diamonds to the surface is called?
• A perfectly shaped octahedron rough is considered to be?
• Which term describes the near-surface diamond-bearing material in a field?
• Cecil Rhodes' main competitor in early attempts to control diamond production was?
• Diamond grades help in determining what?
• Which term means visible to the unaided eye?
• What was the Central Selling Organization primarily?
• Which term describes a solid mass of individual, randomly oriented crystals held together by a natural binding agent?
• What term describes the finish quality and precision of a fashioned gemstone's cut?
• What is a parcel?
• Which statement best describes the difference between primary and secondary deposits?
• Which statement differentiates cuttable rough from industrial rough?
• What does the term Naif refer to in rough-diamond terminology?
• Which term describes a clarity treatment that uses a laser to expand an existing cleavage or create a new one, allowing the introduction of a bleaching solution?
• Which term refers to an apparatus that uses diamonds' affinity for grease to separate them from other minerals?
• The historic term water in diamond description refers to which property?
• Diamonds atoms are more closely bonded than the atoms of which of the following?
• The proper environment for diamond formation includes the right temperature, pressure and what else?
• Vertical integration best describes which corporate strategy?
• Which term refers to the person who decides where to mark diamond rough for fashioning into the most profitable polished gem?
• Which term describes the property of a gem that does not split light into two rays due to direction independence?
• What is the per-carat price?
• Which term describes the appearance of a material's surface in reflected light?
• Kimberlite is:
• Beneficiation helps countries exercise greater control over which aspect?
• At a smooth boundary, what is the relationship between the angle of incidence and the angle of reflection?
• Which term refers to a flat, triangular twinned diamond crystal?
• Sight is:
• Which term refers to fine, parallel grooves and ridges left by polishing that do not cross facet junctions and are transparent or white?
• Which term describes underground mining that involves building a concrete-lined tunnel under an ore deposit, then collecting the ore through openings in the liner?
• What is the purpose of laser drilling?
• What does cross working refer to in diamond polishing?
• Which term explains the geometric shape of a well-formed crystal?
• Which term means a small shovel used for picking up gems?
• Which term refers to a diamond's table size expressed as a percentage of its average girdle diameter?
• Adamantine luster describes what?
• What does ore grade describe in diamond mining?
• Which term refers to a mineral crystal contained in a diamond?
• Which term describes a deposit where gems are eroded from their source rock, transported away from the source and further concentrated?
• A primary deposit contains diamonds in which location?
• Which statement best describes the profitability comparison between cuttable and industrial diamonds?
• The Finsch mine is the most technologically advanced underground mine in the world. Which choice best captures this statement?
• Removal of mineral-bearing ore from a surface excavation is called which mining method?
• Squares or rectangles, trigons and parallel grooves are types of what features observed in rough diamonds?
• Cratons are ancient, large and stable parts of what?
• Cleavage (Cl) is defined as ...
• What does Natural (N) refer to on a fashioned diamond?
• Which term describes a material that absorbs some wavelengths of light and transmits others?
• Which statement correctly defines the critical angle in optics?
• Crystal distortion caused during growth when one part of the lattice is offset in relation to the rest?
• Which describes a single cut?
• A wholesaler is someone who...
• Which term is the process of forming the basic face-up outline of a diamond to prepare it for faceting?
• What term was used for the soft, diamond-bearing material near the surface of a diamond field?
• Which term is a transparent measuring device used to measure a diamond's table, divided into millimeters and tenths?
• What does singly refractive (isotropic) mean?
• Which term describes a break in a gemstone that is often white and feathery in appearance?
• Historically, the only known diamond sources for more than 2,000 years were from which type of deposits?
• The concentration of diamonds within a pipe is called which term?
• In the context of diamond trading, what occurs during a sight?
• The angle of incidence always which of the following?
• Which term refers to testing for the size, shape, clarity, and color of the diamonds in a deposit?
• Growth marks on rough diamonds are associated with which feature?
• How did the CSO control diamond prices?
• Which term describes eye-visible to unaided eye?
• Industrial rough describes diamond rough suitable for use in which applications?
• Which term describes the process in which two crustal plates collide, forcing one under the other?
• Which term means the geometric shape of a well-formed crystal?
• What term refers to the length of the star facets expressed as a percentage of the total distance between the girdle and the edge of the table facet?
• Which term describes a diamond with its table nearly parallel to a possible octahedral face?
• Cleaving refers to ...
• What term is defined as the ratio of the weight of a material to that of an equal volume of water?
• What device is a rapidly spinning horizontal disc coated with diamond powder, used to polish diamond rough?
• Microdiamond testing screens for the presence of which material in a sample?
• Which diamond mine's huge production influenced the world market in the late 1980s?
• Which term describes a locale with many gemstone manufacturers?
• Which term describes a surface feature where a portion of the original rough surface dips below the polished surface?
• Mantle is defined as:
• Specific gravity is best described as which of the following?
• Under conditions of high temperature and decreased pressure during emplacement, what happens to diamonds?
• The diamond industry program designed to ensure that diamonds do not fund civil conflict or terrorism is called...
• Which term refers to a diamond on which the table has been polished parallel to a dodecahedral plane?
• What is Chemical vapor deposition (CVD)?
• Drift in diamond mining is best described as which of the following?
• The deep, vertical formation through which diamonds traveled to the surface is called what?
• Near-gem diamonds are rough that can be polished or used industrially depending on market conditions. Which option best describes this category?
• Dispersion in diamonds refers to which property?
• Which term refers to a symmetry element that relates to a displaced lattice during growth?
• X-ray separation is a recovery method that uses X-rays to detect diamonds and an air jet to remove them from ore. Which option correctly describes this method?
• Which term describes diamonds that can be repolished to improve their clarity to an Internally Flawless grade?
• The habit of a gem-quality diamond is the...
• In what year did De Beers become privately owned?
• What term refers to gems found away from their primary source?
• What is a sieve set?
• Namibia holds possibly the largest marine diamond deposits in the world. Which country is associated with this claim?
• What do clarity and color grades reflect in a diamond?
• The historic term water describes which property of diamonds?
• Which term indicates the measure derived by averaging the smallest and largest girdle diameters of a round brilliant?
• Length-to-width ratio is defined as
• Which statement best describes the relationship between isometric and cubic crystal systems in diamonds?
• What did a CSO do at a sight?
• The term Single-channel marketing describes:
• In 2000, De Beers altered its consumer advertising by...
• Which term describes the pattern of brightness and contrast in a diamond's reflections?
• Developing a diamond mine takes which of the following?
• Which of the following is a financial cost that affects diamond value?
• What does CSO stand for in the diamond industry?
• Which term refers to atoms in a gem that aren't part of its essential chemical composition?
• De Beers Consolidated Ltd. was named after which of the following?
• Which term denotes the bottom pavilion facet size?
• Grease belt separation relies on which property of diamonds?
• In diamond trading, what is a Memo?
• Russia's diamond sources are almost all what?
• Which term refers to the following definition: A weight-retention method where the cutter leaves more girdle thickness to allow for later removal of clarity characteristics around the girdle?
• Which term defines the face-up outline of a gem?
• Depth of field describes which distance?
• An included diamond crystal that extends to the surface after fashioning is called?
• What was the primary objective of De Beers Consolidated Mines Ltd when it was created?
• Which term refers to a flat, triangular twinned diamond crystal?
• What factor helped Argyle's small, lower quality stones reach the jewelry market?
• Which term refers to underground mining that uses a concrete-lined tunnel under an ore deposit, then collecting the ore through openings in the liner?
• A gemstone with a thin metallic foil or mirroring film applied to its pavilion is called?
• Which term is used for a diamond synthesis method that mimics the pressure and temperature conditions that create natural diamonds?
• Which term specifically refers to a pad used to sort and display gems?
• Block caving is a type of mining that is classified as what?
• Which term refers to a trading event where selected clients buy rough diamonds?
• A diamond's face-up pattern reveals almost all of the cutter's what?
• GIA diamond cut grades apply to which diamonds?
• Which term describes the dispersion of light into spectral colors in a diamond?
• The higher a gem's RI, the which of the following?
• In relation to bulk discounts for retailers and manufacturers, what condition is required?
• Which term describes the distortion created during growth when one part of the lattice is offset relative to the rest?
• Exposure of a material to radiation that causes color change in diamonds is called?
• The internal directions parallel to the surfaces of a mineral's unit cell are referred to as what?
• What process absorbs some wavelengths of light and transmits others?
• Which term denotes the highest degree of luster in a transparent material?
• Which term describes the bending of light as it passes from one medium to another?
• Which statement about wholesale price lists is true?
• What is Supplier of Choice 2?
• Which term best describes the regular, repeating arrangement of atoms in a mineral?
• Which statement best describes how large, high quality diamonds are treated in grading compared to smaller, lower quality stones?
• Which term is a measure of the change in the speed and angle of light as it passes from one material to another?
• Which term describes rough diamond material that is suitable for industrial tools and abrasives?
• Which term is the relative ability of a material to transfer heat?
• What is the diamond pipeline?
• Which country accounts for the largest percentage of world diamond production by weight?
• Character sampling tests which properties of diamonds in a deposit?
• Which term describes the outward curve of pavilion facets in a step-cut diamond?
• Which mine is known for blue diamonds and very large diamonds?
• Which term refers to the following definition: A geologic process that delivers materials to the surface?
• Which term is defined as a tiny area of impact with root-like feathers visible at 10X magnification, typically at a facet junction?
• Which statement is true about lamproite relative to kimberlite?
• Which transport medium carries diamonds to the ocean floor or shoreline in a marine deposit?
• Which term describes an irregular, pitted, or granular girdle surface?
• Which of the following best describes the function of a scrubber in diamond ore processing?
• De Beers Consolidated Ltd. was named after which of the following?
• What is the term for a deep, vertical formation through which diamonds travel to the surface, created by kimberlite or lamproite emplacement?
• Chambering and block caving are mining methods used in which context?
• Which organization functioned as a rough diamond distribution agency?
• Which statement about lamproite relative to kimberlite is true?
• Which description best defines conflict diamonds?
• Why did Cecil Rhodes establish De Beers Consolidated Mines Ltd in 1888?
• Spotlighting helps you evaluate which property of a diamond?
• Which process divides diamond rough into sections, either mechanically or by laser?
• Which term describes a rough diamond that is suitable for polishing into a gem?
• Where is the future of the diamond market in manufacturing and consumption expected to be strongest?
• African diamonds are recovered from which deposit types?
• Which term describes the reduction of newly mined ore to a manageable size?
• The path diamonds followed from mine to consumer was called the?
• What is a diamond simulant?
• De Beers became a privately owned company in which year?
• What is the term for the bending of light as it passes from one medium into another with a different refractive index?
• Before the discovery of South Africa's diamond deposits, the world's two major producers were:
• Which term describes the basic color of a fancy-colored diamond?
• Which term defines the ratio of a material’s weight to the weight of an equal volume of water?
• Which term describes the characteristic crystal shape of a specific material?
• What is the most common twinned diamond crystal?
• The faceting style that replaces large bezel facets at the points of marquises, pears, and hearts with star and upper girdle facets is called?
• A diamond grading system provides a framework to communicate which aspect?
• Which factors influence a rough diamond's potential as a faceted gem?
• Which term describes the capacity of a material to expand when it's heated?
• Identify the term used for a well formed diamond crystal that is octahedral and transparent with sharp, square edges.
• Which diamond form has eight equal triangular sides?
• In buying for inspections, which describes a Memo?
• One of the changes that resulted from De Beers' strategic review in 1999 was that De Beers..
• Diamond pipeline is:
• Wholesale price lists are usually organized according to what?
• The Cullinan mine is known for producing blue diamonds, as well as very large diamonds. Which option describes this claim?
• Dense media separation is a process for separating diamonds from lighter materials. Which term fits this description?
• Which term describes a clarity characteristic confined to the surface of a polished gemstone?
• Which term describes atoms in a gem that are not part of its essential chemical composition?
• Define: alluvial deposit.
• Diamonds are more concentrated in which deposits?
• What term describes a city, region, or country with a large number of gemstone manufacturers?
• Block caving is a type of mining that is a form of what?
• Who is a sightholder?
• The largest percentage of world diamond production by weight is mined in which country?
• Emplacement is best described as:
• Alluvial processes would most likely produce which type of diamond deposit?
• Why did De Beers begin to buy rough from other producers?
• Which term describes a portion of the original rough diamond surface that is left on the finished stone, typically near the girdle?
• Which term refers to a transparent measuring device divided into millimeters and tenths of a millimeter used to measure a diamond's table?
• The group that united in 1890 to buy and sell all of the output of the major diamond producers, including De Beers, was the?
• Open-pit mining is the removal of mineral-bearing ore from what type of excavation?
• What term describes a green or brown patch around the girdle on a cut diamond, typically a blemish but may be an inclusion if it extends into the stone?
• What term describes a diamond's physical shape, including its proportions and durability, determined by decisions made during the fashioning process?
• What term describes the arrangement of a gem's facets?
• Treatment that involves injecting molten glass into surface-reaching feathers or laser drill-holes is known as?
• What is consignment?
• Which statement about diamond grades is true?
• Which term refers to a commitment to reserve a portion of the resources derived from any country for the economic development of that country?
• Which term denotes a very small included crystal that looks like a dot at 10X magnification?
• Which term describes a position that orients a gemstone's crown toward the viewer?
• Cuttable rough is diamond rough that has what characteristic to produce a polished stone for jewelry?
• Which term refers to the following definition: A holder that secures a diamond during sawing, bruting, or polishing?
• Which statement best describes color center in gemstones?
• Which term refers to the following definition: The property of differing crystal directions being optically or physically distinct?
• What term describes a thin, dull white line across the diamond's surface with no apparent depth at 10X?
• Where do diamond exploration specialists start when locating a potential mine?
• Which term is the smallest group of atoms with the characteristic chemical composition and the basic crystal structure of a mineral?
• Which term is the angle at which a ray of light strikes a surface, measured from the normal?
• Diamond prices on wholesale price lists depend on market conditions at the time of publication.
• The crystal planes most suitable for cleaving a diamond are which of the following?
• How do sightholders purchase diamond rough?
• Lower girdle facet percentage is
• What is the term for mining that involves removing mineral-bearing ore from a large surface excavation?
• Which statement is correct about the effect of lighting and surrounding on a diamond's appearance?
• In a fashion diamond's optical display, how should the diamond be viewed for maximum sparkle?
• What is the name of the first authenticated diamond discovered in South Africa?
• In diamond terminology, what does EF stand for?
• White light is which of the following?
• Which term refers to the following definition: The appearance of double images of a gemstone's facet junctions?
• Which term describes the appearance of double images of a gemstone facet junctions?
• The listed wholesale prices depend on what?
• What does the Supplier of Choice (SOC) program involve?
• Which crystal form is described as having eight equal triangular faces?
• In the diamond trade, the term 'specials' refers to which type of diamond?
• Which term denotes the basic color of a fancy-colored diamond?
• Which statement about light entering a diamond at the maximum refraction angle is true?
• Which term defines the angles and relative measurements of a polished gem and the relationships between them?
• Which term refers to the following definition: A horizontal tunnel drilled through a diamond pipe?
• Which term means separating heavier materials (diamonds) from a test sample?
• Which De Beers program was introduced in 2007 to address criticisms of the original plan?
• SOC sightholders had to demonstrate the ability to do what with diamonds?
• Which term refers to the plane along which a diamond can split cleanly?
• Internal directions parallel to a mineral's unit cell surfaces are called?
• Which term is a device that holds the dop and allows polishers to adjust and maintain a diamond's angle during polishing?
• What is a Digger?
• Diamond is hard and graphite is soft because of the difference in what?
• In diamond terminology, what does the abbreviation EF stand for?
• Which term describes the diamond industry program ensuring diamonds crossing borders are legitimate and do not fund conflict or terrorism?
• Which term means using heat to stabilize irradiated color in gemstones?
• What apparatus washes away dirt and clay from diamond-bearing ore?
• In diamond, a group of five carbon atoms with one at the center is described by which term?
• Which term describes a small opening that looks like a tiny white dot?
• Modern diamond exploration involves which combination of activities?
• What does the term Dry diggings refer to?
• The value 3.52 is associated with which property of gem-quality diamonds?
• Which term describes a well-formed diamond crystal described as transparent and octahedral?
• Which term refers to De Beers' 2007 program to address critics and resolve shortcomings of its original SOC program?
• Most diamonds from Australia are characterized as which of the following?
• What is a Matching tray used for?
• What is single-channel marketing?
• Color center is defined as ...
• In pricing terms, what is the price of a gem divided by its carat weight called?
• Which best defines alluvial deposits?
• Gravity sorting is a process used to:
• A mining company must consider a potential mine's which factors?
• What is X-ray separation?
• An igneous rock that transports diamonds to the surface is called?
• What term describes a green or brown patch around the girdle on a cut diamond, typically a blemish but may be an inclusion if it extends into the stone?
• Which term means refinishing a polished diamond to correct minor faults in its clarity or finish?
• A diamond with the table parallel to a possible cubic face is described as?
• Which term best describes an imitation diamond made from colorless lead glass with a foil backing?
• Cleavage plane is defined as ...
• X-ray separation in diamond recovery uses X-rays to detect diamonds and an air jet to remove them from ore. Which option correctly describes this method?
• At 10X magnification, which is a long, thin crystal that looks like a tiny rod?
• What is wavelength?
• Which crystal habit is commonly associated with gem-quality diamonds?